Phosphorus powder is dispersed in silicon, epoxy matrix or other resin matrices. White light can also be produced by pumping red, green and blue phosphors with UV or purple LED chips. However, this approach suffers from low efficiency, since the large wavelength shift is accompanied by a high energy loss with the lower conversion of UV or violet light. Since LEDs do not consume a lot of energy, they also last much longer than an average light bulb. In fact, the LED light can last between 50,000 hours of operation, which is about 2-4 times as long as traditional lighting solutions. Lamps also emit much less heat than incandescent lamps or LEDs, which emit 80 and 90 percent of their energy as heat, respectively.
LED technology also has many additional advantages over incandescent, fluorescent and compact lamps, as well as lighting fixtures. These include an exceptionally longer service life, significantly lower energy consumption (90% more efficient), lower maintenance costs and more safety. One of the main reasons for switching to LED lighting is energy efficiency. Lighting experts often compile a long list of disadvantages of LED lighting. And to make the story exciting, you will never forget to mention that LED lighting can trigger the dangers of blue light.
Overdriving what the LED is designed for can lead to premature failure of the LED due to thermal runaway. EOS occurs when the drive current or voltage exceeds the maximum nominal values of the component. There are many possible sources of electrical voltages, including electrostatic discharges, flowing currents or other types of transient energy surges. Therefore, the weakening of LEDs to various types of electrical loads requires strict regulation of the driving current.
Solid-state durability of LED lighting systems has clear values in a variety of applications. In an industrial plant, there are sites where luminaires suffer from excessive vibration from large machines. Luminaires installed next to roads and tunnels must withstand the frequent vibrations caused by the passage of heavy vehicles at high speed. Vibration is a typical working day of work lights mounted on construction, mining, agricultural vehicles, machinery and equipment. Portable luminaires such as light bulbs and camping lanterns are often susceptible to the effect of drops.
The greater the amount of photons with a short wavelength, the greater the loss of Stokes energy. This leads to a lower efficiency of LEDs with higher color rendering power. The ability to produce light output in a very dynamic way is perfect for dimming control of lamps, while fluorescent lamps and high-intensity discharge lamps do not respond well to dimming. Dimming fluorescent lamps requires the use of expensive, large and complex circuits to maintain gas excitation and voltage conditions. Dimming HID lamps leads to a shorter service life and premature lamp failure.
Failure of the non-passive arc tube caused by the end of the life of the lamp, the failure of the ballast or the use of an incorrect combination of ballasts can lead to the rupture of the outer bulb of a metal halide lamp. Hot quartz fragments can ignite flammable materials, combustible dust or explosive gases / vapors. LEDs generate radiant energy only in the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum from about 400 Nm to 700 Nm. This spectral property gives LED luminaires the advantage of giving value to light sources that generate radiant energy outside the visible light spectrum. Ultraviolet and infrared radiation from conventional light sources not only poses photobiological dangers, but also degrades materials. Ultraviolet radiation is extremely harmful to organic materials, since the photon energy of radiation in the UV spectral range is high enough to create direct binding pathways and photo-acidification pathways.
You probably won’t notice an immediate difference in operating costs after switching from incandescent to LED lighting. However, over several months to a year, the savings add up, so you can save money on your personal or business lighting costs. Instead of risking your home or something else with excessively hot light bulbs, LED lights are a natural solution.
As soon as you take into account the service life of LED lamps, the savings will be greater. Scale that up for your entire outdoor lighting system and you’ll save a lot of money. If you run a business with outdoor facilities or indoor buildings that are difficult to heat, using conventional lamps can become expensive. Incandescent lamps often need to be replaced in the cold, because they can be overwhelmed by the amount of electricity they consume to generate the heat necessary for light emission. Fluorescent lamps also require more electricity and still do not emit as much light as in warmer environments.
Metal halide lamps and high-pressure sodium lamps cannot be dimmed below 50% of the rated power. LED dimming can be done either by reducing the direct current, which is called analog dimming, or by applying pulse width modulation to the LED, also known as digital dimming. This is the most square downlight commonly used dimming solution for general lighting applications, although LEDs may not work well at very low currents (less than 10%). PWM dimming varies the duty cycle from setting the pulse width to generating an average value in the output over the entire range from 100% to 0%.